EM 1 is an eco-friendly microbial product. It can be used for agriculture, livestock, aquaculture, and environmental treatment etc. by balancing a natural microbial composition that is safe for human, animal life and nature. EM 1 is a living culture, therefore the container with EM1 may expand and shrink , and white flakes may appear on the surface. Some sediment at the bottom of bottle is natural. EM1 is produced under the license of EMRO, Japan. Effective Microorganisms (EM) is a mixed culture of beneficial, naturally- occurring microorganisms mostly used or found in traditional food. EM is made up of three main genera: yeasts, lactic acid bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria. When in contact with organic matter, these effective microorganisms secrete beneficial substances such as vitamins, organic acids, chelated minerals and anti- oxidants. YEASTS ferment organic matter and produce vitamins and amino acids. They are used for making bread, beer and wine. LACTIC ACID BACTERIA ferment organic matter, produce organic acids and inhibit pathogens. They are used for making yogurt, cheese and pickles. PHOTOTROPHIC BACTERIA maintain the balance with other microorganism and allow them to co-exist and work together. They transform solar energy into useful energy and is key in odour. EM Technology was developed more than 35 years ago by Professor Teruo Higa at the University of Ryukus in Okinawa, Japan. EM was originally used as an alternative for agricultural chemicals. Its applications has since expanded and today, EM is used in more than 120 countries, in diverse fields such as sustainable agriculture and aquaculture, animal husbandry, environmental restoration, industries, households and health maintenance.